Burning of fossil fuels can result in the release of harmful gases into the environment. These gases cause lung problems in humans and animals. When water combines with these gases, it results in the formation of acid which reaches the earth in the form of acid rain. Acid rain destroys vegetation which is a food source for animals. Similarly, acid rain changes the pH of water bodies and affected fish. Air pollution has resulted in the thinning of the ozone layer as a result of which harmful UV rays of the sun find their way into the earth. This can cause cancer in animals.

Similarly, global warming also affects animals. The sudden changes in climate that happens as a result of global warming disturbs the habitat and the delicately balances ecosystems in different areas. For instance, global warming in Polar Regions has wiped out a part of the habitat of polar wildlife thanks to the melting away of ice caps. Water pollution also has its impact on animals. When industrial waste or chemicals and nutrients from the soil run into water sources, they tend to get concentrated in water bodies. This water is consumed by fish and causes diseases in fish. The toxins also enter the food chain in this manner. When small fishes are eaten by larger fishes, the toxins get passed on to them. Larger fishes may be eaten by man, thus the toxins enter the human body.

Similarly, oil spills have killed hundreds and thousands of aquatic wildlife. It causes gastrointestinal disease, liver and kidney damage, nervous system damage and so on. Pollutants present in the soil can also enter the food chain and cause diseases and increase mortality among animals which are further along in the food chain. In this way, air, water and soil pollution has a detrimental effect on animal life.

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