This phenomenon has caused a number of cyclic changes in the world, one causing the other starting with the overall increase in the average temperature.The average temperature of the planet has risen by about 0.8 °C globally and most of this rise is observed in the recent years due to man-made pollution. This led to the rapid melting of ice caps in the polar region, which has been observed to cause a rise in the sea level as more water flows into the ocean. A large number of floating glaciers have already melted completely due to the excessive warming up of the surface of the earth.

The salt concentration in the oceans has been affected due to the desalination of water and the ocean currents which regulate the land’s temperature have changed. Several plant and animal species have been endangered as they are unable to cope up with the sudden drastic changes in the global climate. Coral reefs are rapidly dying due to the stress in the ecosystem and water bodies.

Natural calamities like forest fires, heat waves, variable rainfalls, flood, drought and tropical storms have increased in a significant number. Deforestation, urbanization, burning of fossil fuels and other man-made pollution has greatly increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The carbon-dioxide level is increasing so rapidly that the oceans and plants are not able to absorb it and keep the concentration under control. Coastal lines are vulnerable to the rising sea level and this poses a huge threat to people living in the coastal area of the world.

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