The absorption of the sun’s infra red radiations by the earth’s surface is due to the increase in the emissions of greenhouse gases. This concentration of these toxic gases has resulted in global warming.Pollution in the world today is caused by excessive burning of fossil fuels, transportations and industrial waste. These factors has caused an increase in the average temperature and resulted in climatic changes across the world. The increase in overall temperature has disturbed the equilibrium of the world’s ecosystem.

There are many factors which causes global warming. Greenhouse effect is the phenomenon by which the earth’s surface is warmed up by absorption of solar radiations caused by the greenhouse gases present in the atmosphere. The concentration of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, water vapor and ozone in the atmosphere has increased in the last half century. The emission of carbon-dioxide has increased due to excessive burning of fossil fuels. This causes more heat energy to get reflected back to the earth’s surface; which eventually increases the earth’s temperature.

Like the causes, there are a number of effects of global warming seen in the world today. Rapid melting of ice caps and huge ice shelves in the polar region has caused rise of sea level. The balance of global ecosystem gets affected due to the desalination of the oceans which affects the currents that regulate the temperature of water underneath the oceans. Natural calamities like tropical storms and hurricanes have been on the rise, which has had serious consequences on the world economy, as billions of dollars are spent on rescue operations and rebuilding communities.

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